The subsystems are base station subsystem bss, network switching subsystem nss and operational support subsystem oss. The scalable and distributed next generation mobile network architecture is expected to offer anytype services over a diverse set of indoor, outdoor, pedestrian, and vehicular. The long term evolution standard lte is a wireless communications, highspeed data standard for mobile phones and data terminals. The bts base transceiver station is controlling the radio transmission and the interface to the mobile phones. Umts network architecture ran corenetwork ue umts tutorial. Core network planning, optimization and forecasting in gsm. The core network is then the overall entity that interfaces to external networks including the public phone network and other cellular telecommunications networks. It involves three main subsystems, each containing functional units and interconnected with the others through a series of standard interfaces. The core network of umts is inherited from gsm gprs network.
An overview of a gsm network architecture is presented in figure 3. Core network gsm gprsbased iu cs pstn msc vlr gmsc hlr changes in the core network. Packet controlling unit pcu can be compared to trau function in gsm generally located in the bsc heart of the packet transmission in bss network allow the dynamic traffic allocation provide the radio resource management mechanism, adapted to packet. Multitechnology icore network all gs tecore networks. Request pdf an introduction to 3g core network architecture. Telecommunications network and service architectures.
Gsm network is consists of mobile station, base station subsystembts, bsc and networkmsc and operation subsystem. It is essentially a data network with a various entities. Core architecture an overview sciencedirect topics. This book gives network engineers and managers a window on the world of wireless and mobile networks, from the enabling technologies and protocols to. The gsm network architecture wireless communication. Allip, simplified network architecture new, allip mobile core network introduced with lte endtoend ip allip clear delineation of control plane and data plane simplified architecture. Backbone network the network evolution from gsm and radio access from utra the third generation mobile network evolved from the second generation systems such as gsm and gprs gsm. The user equipment or ue is a major element of the overall 3g umts network architecture. Based on advanced wireless and mobile network architectures, personal communication services pcs offers the enterprise freedom of communication through mobility. Umts network architectur e cn and an entities and procedures. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network architectures paschal a.
In this paper, a new virtualized peertopeer p2p core network architecture is presented. Gsm mobility management using an intelligent network platform core. The global system for mobile communications gsm which is a standard for 2g second generation cellular networks has created an avenue for the development of 3g third generation and 4g fourth generation cellular network standards such as universal mobile telecommunications system umts and long term evolution lte. It was extended with an overlay architecture to provide packetswitched data services known as the gprs core network.
Zonghua zhang, ahmed meddahi, in security in network functions virtualization, 2017. Evolved packet core epc, which was specified at the same time as lte 3gpp release 8, as the core network to accommodate lte and other radio access systems 1. There are physical and logical channels in gsm radio system. The main element within the core network area of the overall gsm network architecture is the mobile switching services centre msc. Authentication confidentiality on the air interface is achieved by scrambling on the basis of algorithm a5, that is implemented in the mobile phone and in the network.
Mobile communications networks mobile communications. Its basis stands in the gsm edge and umtshspa network technologies, with changes in terms of an increased capacity and higher speed by simplifying the core network and using a different radio interface. Umts network composed of three main parts ue user equipment,radio access network. Cellular mobile communications, the cellular network. As shown in the figure there are three main components in umts network architecture, user equipments is composed of mobile equipment me and usim. Msc is upgraded to 3g msc sgsn is upgraded to 3g 3gpp rel. Gprs evolution visitor location register mobile switching center home location register gateway msc pcu sgsn ggsn gsm gprs base station controller voice. With softwaredefined networking sdn and network functions virtualization nfv supporting the underlying physical infrastructure, 5g comprehensively cloudifies access, transport, and core networks. This process is explained clearly with the help of cellular architecture like gsm.
Network switching subsystem nss or gsm core network is the component of a gsm system that carries out call out and mobility management functions for mobile phones roaming on the network of base stations. Its basis stands in the gsmedge and umtshspa network technologies, with changes in terms of an increased capacity and higher speed by simplifying the core network and using a different radio interface. The architecture of the nfv over the mobile core network can scale dynamically, according to its specific resource requirements e. Gsm gprs umts radio network controller radio network controller voice data telcom 2720 wcdma. Volte service description and implementation guidelines. It shows a brief introduction fro telecommunication core network architecture on a regular telecom enterprise.
The highlevel network architecture of lte is comprised of following three main components. Mobile communications networks are getting more and more complex with. The epc consists of the mobility management entity mme1, serving gateway sgw2, packet data network gateway pgw3, and policy and charging rules function pcrf4. In gsm, the architecture relies on circuitswitching cs. The servicedriven 5g network architecture aims to flexibly and efficiently meet diversified mobile service requirements. Core network a core network b network roaming core a network a subscriber from network b has roamed into coverage of operator a and is being serviced by their network subscriber from network b outside world core transmission ring sharing network a msc network b msc network a hlr network a sg sngg sn network a omc network b hlr network b sg sn. The gsm system architecture contains a variety of different elements, and is often termed the core network. Umts core network and its evolution linkedin slideshare. The chapter discusses gsm frequency bands, the gsm public land mobile network plmn and its objectives and services, gsm architecture and gsm subsystem entities, interfaces, and protocols between gsm. It is owned and deployed by mobile phone operators and allows mobile devices to communicate with each other and telephones in the wider public switched telephone network pstn. The epc is the latest evolution of the 3gpp core network architecture.
Signalling protocol based simulations models were developed on opnet a general. The evolved umts terrestrial radio access network eutran. Core network is composed of circuit switched and packet switched functional modules. Wcdma network architecture wcdma including the ran radio access network and the cn core network. Utran is connected with the core network by the iu interface. Gsm global system for mobile communication is one of the most popular system used for mobile telecommunications especially in europe and asia.
Lte 4g network architecture lte core network mobile. Mobile infrastructure sharing types of network sharing. With the advent of broadband access networks, the core network evolves towards ip multimedia subsystem ims which provides ipbased multimedia services. A nextgeneration core network architecture for mobile networks. The gsm architecture consists of three major interconnected subsystems that interact with themselves and with users through certain network interface. The additional components of the gsm architecture comprise of databases and messaging systems functions. The ran is used to process all the radiorelated functions, while the cn is used to process all voice calls and data connections within the umts system, and implements the function of external network switching and routing. A comprehensive guide to building wireless and mobile networks and services. Mobile core network an overview sciencedirect topics. The ims architecture as defined by the 3gpp standards is an allpacket core network that creates an accessagnostic environment to deliver a wide range of multimedia services that a user can access using any device or network connection. Pdf a nextgeneration core network architecture for mobile. These functions and interfaces are explained in this chapter. The gsm base station subsystem bss and the wcdma radio access network ran are both connected to the gsm core network for providing a radio connection to the handset. Different issues related to the physical deployment in the access, metro and core networks of the 5g network are discussed in section 5 while in section 6 we present software.
While 4g core has evolved to 5g core, it gained some new capabilities and some functions are divided in. Core network gsmgprsbased iu cs pstn msc vlr gmsc hlr changes in the core network. This article looks at the evolved packet core epc, the core network of the lte system, giving an overview of the architecture of the core network, describing some of its key elements. The msc acts like a normal switching node within a pstn or isdn, but also provides additional functionality to enable the requirements of a mobile user to be supported. The nss is the core component of the gsm architecture which is responsible for call switching, end to end calls, mobility management of subscribers and communication with. Umts stands for universal mobile telecommunications system, developed based on 3gpp standards.
Figure 1 gives an simplified view of the network architecture with the three main network elements bts, bsc and msc. Cs core network free download as powerpoint presentation. Architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network several providers setup mobile networks following the gsm standard within each country gsm system comprises 3 subsystems rss radio subsystem. The structure of a gsm network relies on several functional entities, which have been specified in terms of functions and interfaces. The scrambling key kc is generated by the operator and by the sim. A network planning tool shall enable the operator to import the existing network architecture including gsm access and core network elements, gprs ne twork elements, atmip switches, the relevant points of interconnection pois e.
Given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. An important function of oss is to provide a network overview and support the. Actually, the access network for the 3g network is the utran. The network operator observes and maintains network quality and service offered through the nms. The mscs of the gsm network interface with the pstn network to enable. Pdf a nextgeneration core network architecture for. Evolutionary analysis of gsm, umts and lte mobile network. Utran consists of several radio network subsystems rnss. The gsm network can be split into three subnetworks. May 14, 2018 this process is explained clearly with the help of cellular architecture like gsm. The evolved packet core communicates with packet data networks in the outside world such as the internet, private corporate networks or. Tinnirello gn iu ps ip backbone internet sgsn auc eir ggsn sgsn gmsc and ggsn remain the same aucis upgraded more security features in 3g. The purpose of oss is to offer the customer costeffective support for centralized, regional, and local operational and maintenance activities that are required for a gsm network.
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